Kolaborasi Negara–Masyarakat dan Penanggulangan Kemiskinan: Studi Komparatif Kemiskinan Perkotaan dan Perdesaan di Indonesia

Abstract

This article analyzes how state–society collaboration shapes poverty reduction governance in urban and rural Indonesia. Using a comparative secondary-data-based case study, it compares the governance mechanisms of urban poverty and rural poverty interventions. Indonesia’s poverty rate declined to 9.03 percent in March 2024, but urban and rural poverty remain governed by different structural conditions. Urban poverty is closely linked to informal employment, housing vulnerability, and service access, while rural poverty is shaped by agricultural productivity, infrastructure, and local institutional capacity. The article argues that poverty governance effectiveness depends on the interaction between targeting accuracy, institutional coordination, community participation, and adaptive local implementation. The novelty of this study lies in its comparative governance model that explains poverty reduction as a collaborative mechanism rather than a purely redistributive policy. The article contributes to politics and governance studies by showing that poverty reduction requires not only social assistance, but also local governance capacity, social accountability, and cross-sectoral coordination.