Tata Kelola Risiko Bencana dan Konflik Sumber Daya: Studi Komparatif Kebakaran HutanLahan dan Bencana Hidrometeorologi di Indonesia

Abstract

hydrometeorological disasters. Using a comparative document-based case study, it analyzes how institutional 
coordination, environmental governance, and community compliance shape disaster outcomes. Indonesia’s 
disaster risk remains high, with BNPB reporting that disasters in 2024 caused hundreds of deaths, millions 
affected or displaced, and significant infrastructure damage. Forest and land fires in 2023 reached 1.16 
million hectares according to government-related reporting, while independent analysis produced higher 
estimates, indicating contestation over environmental data. This article argues that disaster governance is not 
merely a technical emergency response issue; it is a political governance problem involving authority, data 
transparency, land-use incentives, and compliance. The novelty of this study lies in its comparative 
conceptualization of disaster risk governance as a mechanism linking environmental regulation, institutional 
coordination, public accountability, and community resilience. The article contributes to politics and 
governance studies by showing that disaster outcomes are shaped by governance regimes before disasters 
occur.