Agroekologi versus Intensifikasi Konvensional dalam Sistem Padi: PerbandinganEfisiensi Input, Kesehatan Tanah, dan Ketahanan Produksi

Abstract

This article compares agroecological and conventional intensification approaches in Indonesian rice
production. The study addresses a central debate in agricultural sciences: whether productivity growth should
continue to rely on external input intensification or shift toward ecological intensification based on soil
health, crop diversity, biological regulation, and local resource recycling. Using comparative case analysis
and secondary data, the article examines input efficiency, yield stability, soil sustainability, and farmer
vulnerability. The findings suggest that conventional intensification may sustain short-term output but tends
to increase dependence on synthetic fertilizers, purchased inputs, and price-sensitive production costs.
Agroecological systems, by contrast, may not always maximize yield in the short run but improve ecological
resilience through organic matter management, integrated pest regulation, diversified cropping, and reduced
input dependency. The novelty of this article lies in reframing the productivity debate from yield
maximization toward yield stability and socio-ecological resilience. The study contributes to agricultural
sciences by proposing that sustainable rice production should be assessed through a multidimensional
framework combining productivity, input efficiency, soil health, and farmer autonomy. Policy implications
include integrating soil-health incentives, farmer field schools, organic matter management, and locally
adapted agroecological extension into national food security strategies.